Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: Table of Contents

1. In This Issue
   Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 121, Issue 51, December 2024. <br/>
2. Temperature-dependent fold-switching mechanism of the circadian clock protein KaiB
   Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 121, Issue 51, December 2024. <br/>SignificanceCircadian clocks foretell the coming of day and night in diverse organisms by preparing metabolic processes for sunrise and sunset. These ubiquitous systems are composed of proteins that undergo temporally separated protein–protein ...
3. Hierarchical gradients of multiple timescales in the mammalian forebrain
   Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 121, Issue 51, December 2024. <br/>SignificanceA gradual increase in the intrinsic timescales of cortical activity along the anatomical hierarchy is considered to reflect the functional specialization of cortical circuits. However, it remains unknown whether this gradient of timescales is ...
4. Biomass-burning organic aerosols as a pool of atmospheric reactive triplets to drive multiphase sulfate formation
   Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 121, Issue 51, December 2024. <br/>SignificanceBiomass-burning organic aerosol(s) (BBOA) not only significantly impact Earth’s climate by absorbing solar radiation but also generate excited triplet states (3BBOA*) that react with other atmospheric molecules, known as photosensitization. ...
5. The C-terminal activating domain promotes pannexin 1 channel opening
   Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 121, Issue 51, December 2024. <br/>SignificanceSignaling metabolites, such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP), are released through membrane channels to effectively clear dying cells in the body. Pannexin 1 (Panx1) serves as such a signal releaser and plays a pivotal role in immune response. ...